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while women receive none. She states, “It undeniably follows, that Men’s Understanding are
superior to Women’s, for after many Years Study and Experience they become Wise and
Learned, and Women are not Born so!” (85). Further, Astell argues that to men goes all
opportunity and advantage. She explains:
Men are possess’d of all Places of Power, Trust and Profit, they make Laws and exercise
the Magistracy, not only the sharpest Sword, but even all the Swords and Blunderbusses
are theirs, which by the strongest Logic in the world, gives them the best Title to every
thing they please to claim their Prerogative. (85)
With time, tradition and custom enshrined the notion of men’s superiority over women
and became an accepted truth. She points out, “That the Custom of the World has put Women,
generally speaking into a State of Subjection, is not deny’d” (72), while “his Prerogative is
settled by an undoubted Right and the Prescription of many Ages” (Some Reflections 45).
Women’s inferiority and subordination is not natural, but rather men’s dominance of women was
initially the result of their physical strength and power, became established through opportunity
and advantage, and ingrained as truth by custom and tradition.
Though she identifies these inequities, Astell’s prescriptions and solutions seem to
recommend that women contently and obediently accept their situation. Astell makes clear that
her intention is not to destabilize the institutions, the structures, and the status of participants in
society. She exclaims, “Nor can she [Astell] imagine how she any way undermines the
Masculine Empire, or blows the Trumpet of Rebellion to the Moiety of Mankind” (The First
English Feminist 70). Though she counsels women of the importance of their marriage decision,
Astell refuses to condone the rebellion of wives against husbands. She admonishes:
But if she goes on to infer, that therefor he has not these Qualifications, where is his
Right? If he misemploys, does he not abuse it? And if he abuses, according to modern
Deduction, he forfeits it, I must leave her there. A peaceable Woman indeed will not
carry it so far, she will neither question her Husband’s Right nor his fitness to Govern.
(Some Reflections 97)