CMF Design Method for Bachelor Apartment Furniture

CMF Design Method for Bachelor

Apartment Furniture

Xu Wanqiu

a,1

, Wang Yuan

and Zixiang Xu

Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics

Jiangxi University of Finance and

Economics

Abstract. To provide a more optimized design method for the furniture design of

single apartment by combining the user demand, space distribution and CMF design.

To meet the needs of single apartment furniture users in many aspects, including

physical, psychological, social, self-development, etc.

By analyzing the needs of

furniture users in bachelor apartment and the application of CMF design method in

furniture, taking IKEA furniture as an example, the importance of the combination

of furniture design and CMF design method in bachelor apartment is clarified.

This

paper puts forward the design methods of sensory needs, interaction needs and

cultural needs of bachelor apartment furniture, and expounds its design and

application, so as to provide new design ideas and methods for the design of

bachelor apartment furniture, in order to realize the empty-nest youths pursuit of

quality life.

Keywords. Bachelor apartment furnitureCMF design, The empty-nest young

Introduction. According to the data of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the single adult

population in China is up to 240 million by 2018. Due to the change of peoples ideas on

love and marriage, the single population will likely continue to increase, which also

indicates that the furniture design of single apartment will enter a new broad space for

development. Based on the case analysis of IKEA furniture, it is found that most of the

furniture designs for single apartment on the market only meet the basic physiological

needs, and rarely reflect the emotional and social aspects of the design, resulting in poor

user experience of furniture and unable to meet the diversity of needs. Therefore, from

the perspective of the user demand and the overall development trend of bachelor

apartment furniture, it is very necessary to provide reliable design methods for bachelor

apartment furniture with the help of CMF design to meet the growing market demand

for bachelor apartment furniture [1-4].

Xu wanqiu, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Mailuyuan Campus, Jiangxi University of

Finance and Economics, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China; E-mail: [email protected].

Design Studies and Intelligence Engineering

L.C. Jain et al. (Eds.)

This article is published online with Open Access by IOS Press and distributed under the terms

of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC 4.0).

doi:10.3233/FAIA220697

1. Brief introduction of bachelor apartment furniture

1.1. Single apartment furniture space distribution

Single apartment is a small family housing, the area of the set is generally about 25 square

meters - 45 square meters, with complete residential units for the characteristics. The

space structure has a single layer and a double layer, the height of the single layer is about

2.3 meters, the height of the double layer is about 4 meters, the space is usually divided

into two parts, the inside is the bedroom, the outside is the living room, kitchen and

bathroom, see Fig. 1 and 2. The users mainly live alone and empty nest young people

with certain economic ability. Due to the limited space of the single apartment, the

placement of furniture plays an important role in space segmentation, and can make clear

the indoor dynamic and static differentiation, while protecting the privacy of the bedroom

can also play a better role in sound insulation, heat insulation and ventilation. Among

them, the color of furniture can play a role in regulating the indoor light, and produce

visual illusion on the size of the indoor space, and effectively make up for the limited

space of the single apartment; The material can create the indoor atmosphere, give the

indoor space with vitality; The surface craft plays a decorative role in the space. Secondly,

human physiology, emotion and interaction needs also have an important influence on

furniture selection and layout. The choice of color, material and process of furniture will

also affect peoples comfort wh en using furniture, so in line with the size range of human

activities, we should also consider the impact of CMF design in the space of single

apartment furniture [5-7].

Figure 1. Single floor furniture layout of a bachelor apartment

Figure 2. Layout of double floor furniture in a bachelor apartment

W. Xu et al. / CMF Design Method for Bachelor Apartment Furniture26

1.2. Single apartment furniture user demand analysis

Empty nest youth is no longer a label, it should be said to be an attitude to life, Eric

krynabe mentioned in the single society. The majority of people who tend to live alone

are young people under the age of 30. They have a high level of education, good family

and their own economic strength, and have neutral or conservative views on marriage.

In the Research Report "empty nest Youth Research Report 2021" of China Mobile think

tank, the research objects are single and living alone young people with higher education

in the first tier and new first tier cities, who are concentrated in 22-35 years old, with

bachelors degree or above, living in working, unmarried, single, living in renting

(excluding group rent) and living alone, and these groups are also the main buyers of

single apartment furniture. Through Maslows hierarchy of needs theory, the needs of

empty nest youth groups are analyzed from three levels: basic life, social needs and

future development, as shown in Table 1.

In the basic life of empty-nesters, financial independence brings them more satisfaction,

so they prefer to live alone, avoid the disputes of sharing apartments and dont have to

pay the high housing prices in big cities, which is the main reason for the rapid expansion

of the bachelor apartment market and the hot selling of bachelor apartment furniture.

Empty-nest youth are more willing to invest more money in health, freedom, personal

development, housing security and other issues. For them, houses and furniture are not

just a place to live, but a vision of a better life. Nowadays, in terms of consumption

concept, empty-nest youth gradually return to rational consumption from unrestrained

consumption. For furniture, they choose more from their own needs, pursue high quality,

and pay attention to experience, efficiency and brand. In this regard, the basic survival

furniture can no longer meet the needs of empty-nest youth for single apartment furniture,

on this basis, more consider the safety, practicality and comfort of furniture. In CMF

design, the difference of color will affect the visual comfort of empty-nest youth to

different degrees, and the quality of materials will affect the health of empty-nest youth.

Therefore, the material and color of CMF design must be considered in the design of

bachelor apartment furniture in the basic life of empty-nest youth.

For social activities, nearly 70% of the empty-nest youth contact their parents at least

once a week, mainly through voice and video, and their friends get along with each other

through online contact on weekdays and offline meeting on weekends. However, the

majority of empty-nest youth do not reject strangers to socialize, and 80% of empty-nest

youth will use strangers to socialize online. It can be seen that the increase of online

social interaction promotes the frequency of furniture use and the interaction between

empty-nest youth and furniture. Moreover, empty-nest youth based on the same or

similar interests, emotions and values will also organize offline parties, which requires

thinking about the tolerance and communication of furniture. Aiming at the social needs

of empty-nest youth, the design of bachelor apartment furniture should improve the

functionality, expand the tolerance and increase the communication, and the properties

of materials can determine the main function of products, so materials can play an

important role in it [8].

In terms of self-development, empty-nest youth yearn for more jobs and development

opportunities in big cities. They believe that work is not only a tool to support their

families, but also a means to realize their self-worth. In order to gain more professional

competitiveness, many empty-nest young people will study in their spare time except for

W. Xu et al. / CMF Design Method for Bachelor Apartment Furniture 27

recreation. The importance of knowledge and culture is reflected in the process of empty-

nest youth perfecting their self-cultivation, which improves their self-consciousness. In

order to highlight their professional field and cultural level, Empty-nest youth will look

for personalized furniture that fits their temperament, showing their unique attitude to

life and cultural heritage. Therefore, furniture design with cultural implications is highly

respected, mainly including the shape of furniture and the cultural content reflected by

furniture surface treatment technology [9-12].

Table 1. User requirement analysis table

Demand level State of life Furniture demand CMF breakthrough point

Basic life Tend to live alone, pay

attention to health and

freedom, housing

safety, the pursuit of

quality, focus on

experience, practicality

Furniture safety,

practical furniture,

comfortable furniture

Color - visual experience +

furniture atmosphere

materials - health and safety

+ comfort

Social demand Online networking and

offline gathering

Furniture tolerance,

furniture

communication

Material - function + shape +

interaction

The future

development

To realize self-worth,

improve their own

awareness, learning

knowledge and culture

Personalized, cultural

creativity,

sophisticated

technology

Surface craft - material

diversification + furniture

texture, furniture cultural

characteristics, furniture

differentiation

Through the analysis of the needs of empty-nest youth, the design of bachelor apartment

furniture should be combined with CMF design method to meet the basic life, social

needs and future development needs of empty-nest youth.

2. Research status of CMF design method

2.1. Overview and development of CMF design methods

CMF is the abbreviation of Color-Material-Finishing, that is, the explanation of Color,

Material and process. Color is the first perception of the product, and the material and

surface technology of the product can determine the realization of Color. M is the initial

letter of Material, product function, surface technology, color texture, etc., are affected

by Material properties. F is the initial letter of the Finishing process, which is divided

into two categories: product Finishing process and surface process. The selection of this

process directly affects the suitability of the material and the presentation of color.

The term CMF was first proposed by Herman Miller, an American furniture and interior

design company, and the CMF showroom was opened in 1996. However, due to the

limited users, the CMF showroom was only used within the enterprise or when

communicating with customers, and was not promoted on a large scale. The "Art of

Plastic Design" conference was held in Berlin, Germany, in 2005, so that the term CMF

was publicly proposed and popularized, and is commonly used in academia. Although

the attention of CMF design abroad is more important than that of China, it is worth

paying attention to that the CMF has set off a design trend in full fire as soon as it enters

China, and it has a long history. CMF design method to provide new ideas for the

W. Xu et al. / CMF Design Method for Bachelor Apartment Furniture28

domestic design research, many scholars and companies use CMF design in different

aspects and the way of study, qualitative leap for the ascension of domestic products,

especially in recent years, CMF application in furniture design, to the health of the living

and the sustainable development of furniture materials [13-15].

2.2. Research status of CMF design in the field of furniture

A total of 1149 articles were found by searching the keyword "CMF" on the Internet,

among which 262 articles were about CMF design, but only 17 articles were about

furniture design. In Wan fang database, 6074 articles with CMF design as the theme can

be retrieved, but there are 32 articles related to furniture design, but only 14 articles really

discuss CMF and furniture content, among which, CNKI and Wan fang database articles

have a certain overlap. Keywords in Wan fang database show that CMF research on

furniture products is mainly concentrated in children, the elderly and other people with

obvious physiological characteristics. Among them, the CMF design of childrens

furniture is mainly elaborated from the physiological needs of children, psychological

needs, user experience and other aspects, summarizes the needs of children, analyzes the

CMF design, and gives the corresponding design theory. For example, Han Yuxin

proposed the design principles of sensory moderation, scene adaptability and emotional

hierarchy based on user experience in CMF design of childrens furniture, which

provided a new idea for childrens furniture design. In addition, the design of furniture

for the elderly focuses on the design of CMF materials. For example, Wu Hongwei

proposed that the CMF design of furniture for the elderly should take full consideration

of the multi-dimensional perceptual characteristics of materials, so that the design can

be more humanized.

To sum up, both children and the elderly mainly start from the users feelings and

combine with the CMF design method to conduct research and analysis, without

discussing the cultural nature and interactive behavior of furniture. So in the face of a

sharp increase of new special group (empty nest youth), the number of rapid expansion,

furniture demand rapid growth, the existing furniture design theory and method have

been unable to support the huge market demand, and using the CMF design study

furniture design method of this kind of group is blank, this aspect should be added more

content, improve the whole furniture design system.

3. CMF design case analysis

IKEA was founded by ingvarkamprad in 1943 and was born as a mail order catalogue

business in almhult, a forest town in Sweden. As of August 2017, IKEA has 356 shopping

centers in 29 countries or regions around the world, 37 in mainland China, 16

procurement zones in the world, and 3 in mainland China. This shows that China is

IKEAs largest procurement market, and its influence on IKEA cannot be underestimated.

Its influence position in IKEAs global strategy is beyond doubt, which indirectly reflects

that China has a large audience of IKEA. Focusing on peoples living environment and

reflecting the relationship between furniture and nature and society are the remarkable

characteristics of IKEA Nordic style furniture. And IKEA has been adhering to the

concepts of green design, sustainable development design and environmental protection

W. Xu et al. / CMF Design Method for Bachelor Apartment Furniture 29

design. Secondly, IKEA design style furniture has the characteristics of reuse and tidiness

in each design space, which is very suitable for the living condition of small rooms.

Therefore, for those empty nest young users who like exquisite life but have limited

economic conditions, Ikea will be their first choice [16-18].

3.1. IKEA furniture color analysis

Among all kinds of sensory features, vision is the first sense organ and occupies the most

important position. Therefore, the aesthetic law of color and shape plays an important

role in industrial product design. Of course, in furniture design, not only color, but also

the shape, material, function and other aspects of furniture are combined together, but

the first feeling of furniture is the cooperation of color. Among the various types of IKEA

furniture, color analysis is mainly carried out for the four types of necessary furniture:

beds, cabinets, tables and chairs, and sofas. It is concluded that there are 12 main colors

of these four types of furniture, among which white, beige, brown, black and gray

furniture account for the largest proportion, and a few are fresh and lively bright colors.

However, the proportion of these four types of furniture colors is not exactly the same.

Beds: white, beige, gray, many; Cabinets, tables and chairs: white, beige, brown, with a

large number; The sofa is beige, black and gray, with a large number, as shown in Table

2. Furniture with different functions is also different in the selection of colors. For

example, the largest number of sofa colors in IKEA furniture is gray. The main

consideration is that the cleaning of sofa is cumbersome, and it is not suitable to choose

colors with high brightness; Secondly, the sofa is used for users to rest, relax and provide

tools for comfortable sitting and lying. Gray can provide users with a gentle, simple and

peaceful feeling, and is not easy to be contaminated with dust. Of course, furniture

presents gorgeous or simple, bright or dark, cold or enthusiastic colors, which can show

different emotional effects, as shown in Table 3.

Due to peoples different perceptions of objects, natural colors will give people a myriad

of feelings to express different color feelings. White, beige, brown, black and gray are

the main colors of IKEA furniture, creating a sense of whiteness, gentleness, silence and

simplicity for users, reflecting the simplicity and nature of Nordic style. The simple and

pure color furniture, applied in the single apartment with limited space, just relieves the

cramped feeling of insufficient space and creates a comfortable living atmosphere.

Table 2. IKEA furniture color proportion table

W. Xu et al. / CMF Design Method for Bachelor Apartment Furniture30

Table 3. IKEA furniture color analysis table

Furniture

chromatography

Furniture legend Color

extraction

Color

characteristics

Psychological

induction

white

The lightness is the

highest, bright,

clean, pure, simple,

neat.

In peoples feelings,

white is quieter and

purer than any color.

Beige

Beige refers to the

color between white

and camel. Beige is

brighter and fresher

than camel, more

elegant and stable

than white, with

high lightness

Beige makes people

feel warm and

comfortable, quiet and

warm.

brown

Brown represents

nature and

simplicity, and the

color is low-key and

gentle

Brown is a color very

close to the earth. It is

often associated with

soil and gives people a

sense of reality and

firmness

black

Black represents

steadiness, elegance,

fashion, attention-

catching, authority

and seriousness.

Black is a mysterious

and cool color that

gives people a sense

of solemnity,

elegance, awe and

longing

grey

Gray is between

black and white, no

color, only

brightness.

Gray gives people a

sense of calmness,

realism, perseverance

and persistence

green

Green is the most

common color in

daily life, between

yellow and green.

Green gives people the

feeling of safety, ease,

life, tranquility and

full of life.

blue

Blue is a cold tone,

belonging to high-

frequency light,

representing the

color of the sky.

Blue usually reminds

people of the sea and

blue sky, giving

people a beautiful,

dreamy, rational and

peaceful feeling.

3.2. IKEA furniture material analysis

There are many kinds of furniture materials, which can be divided into three parts in

application: structural materials, decorative materials and auxiliary materials. Structural

materials include wood, metal, bamboo, rattan, plastic, cushion, glass, stone, etc., while

wood, as a classic traditional material, is divided into solid wood and plate, which has

always been in an important position in furniture materials. The decorative materials

used in furniture mainly include paint, veneer, mask, etc.; Finally, adhesives and

hardware accessories are used as auxiliary materials for furniture.

W. Xu et al. / CMF Design Method for Bachelor Apartment Furniture 31

Through the analysis of the materials of furniture products on IKEAs online official

website, it is found that the main material of IKEA furniture is wood, followed by metal,

as shown in Table 4. According to the proportion of IKEA furniture materials, this paper

mainly analyzes the physical properties and user experience of five materials commonly

used by IKEA. Among these five kinds of materials, wood materials account for three

kinds. Because wood materials are natural materials with low production cost, no

pollution, recyclability and durability, and they have natural and beautiful patterns and

good decoration, which are similar to the environmental protection, nature and

sustainability advocated by IKEA furniture. See Table 5. Of course, if furniture is made

of only one material, it will be slightly dull and there will be no change. Therefore, IKEA

furniture mostly adopts two or more materials for combined design, such as the

combination of wood and metal. Metal has the characteristics of fire prevention,

moisture-proof, antimagnetic, mildew proof, etc., but metal furniture has a hard and cold

texture. Combining with wood materials can weaken the hard and cold of metal, enhance

the fire prevention and moisture-proof of wood materials, and it is lively and changeable,

It can meet the requirements of different shapes, structures and comfort, and make full

use of the unique properties of materials. The combination of various materials not only

complements the advantages and disadvantages, but also breaks through the barriers in

modeling to form a diversified appearance, which just meets the personalized pursuit of

empty nest youth.

Table 4. Proportion of IKEA furniture materials

Table 5. IKEA furniture material analysis table

Material

category

Furniture

legend

Material

sample

physical property User experience

wood

Wood or other non-wood

plants are glued or

molded from raw

materials.

It is convenient to split,

resource-saving, cheap,

cost-effective, not easy to

deform, and stable in

quality.

Metal

The raw material of

metal furniture is cold-

rolled steel plate, which

is made through multiple

processes and has a large

bearing capacity

The color is gorgeous,

recyclable, fireproof,

moisture-proof,

antimagnetic, etc., but the

texture is hard and the

sound is loud.

W. Xu et al. / CMF Design Method for Bachelor Apartment Furniture32

solid wood

Solid wood furniture

refers to all wooden parts

of furniture, which are

composed of 80% - 95%

solid wood.

Natural, environment-

friendly, healthy, with its

own decorative beauty, and

long service life.

Wood finish

The wood veneer is made

of various precious

wood, and the panel is

bonded to the model.

The decoration quality is

improved, the construction

cycle is shortened, the cost

is low, and the furniture

taste is improved.

Textile

Fabric is a kind of

upholstered furniture,

which is mainly

composed of sponge

wrapped fabric and

springs.

Comfortable touch and

colorful colors can add a

warm atmosphere to the

space.

3.3. IKEA furniture surface technology analysis

With the rapid development of modern furniture surface technology and the continuous

improvement of peoples living standards, the relationship between furniture surface

technology and furniture art is becoming closer and closer. It not only has practical

functions, but also needs to have good sensory experience. A good surface technology

can give it a specific shape, such as color, texture, texture, etc. through its differences, it

can strengthen its impression, strengthen its beauty, make its shape, color, quality perfect

combination, and give people a beautiful and comfortable feeling; At the same time, it

can also extend the service life of the product.

Among IKEAs many furniture, there is no place to look for complex carving and

inlaying techniques, but instead to show the beauty of the original ecology of the

furniture. For this reason, IKEA furniture mainly takes painting as the main surface

treatment process, in which wood and metal are the main materials used by IKEA, and

polyester paint and acrylic paint are mainly used, which can show the real and natural

material itself of furniture, as shown in Figure 3. At the same time, the simple surface

treatment process can reduce the cleaning of furniture, enhance the fluidity and

penetration of indoor space and expand the visual effect, which is also needed by the

single apartment in small space.

Figure 3. IKEA wood and metal surface treatment analysis diagram

W. Xu et al. / CMF Design Method for Bachelor Apartment Furniture 33

4. CMF innovative design of single apartment furniture

4.1. Design method

4.1.1. Sensory needs design method

Senses are human physiological experiences, which are summarized as five senses:

vision, smell, touch, hearing and taste. Vision, touch and smell are the main senses for

furniture to interact with people. When designing single apartment furniture, we can

analyze the sensory needs for rational design. The factors that cause the visual influence

of empty nest youth are shape and color, the factors that affect the tactile sense are

material and decoration, and the material is the main factor that causes smell. Therefore,

sensory needs include shape, color, material and decoration. According to the empty nest

youths pursuit of life, the unique shape; Warm colors; Healthy materials; Simple

decoration can meet their sensory needs, and unified colors, shapes and materials are

easier to bring a sense of belonging to empty nest youth.

4.1.2. Interactive requirements design method

The interaction of single apartment furniture mainly refers to the interaction behavior of

empty nest youth using furniture and the interaction behavior of empty nest youth using

furniture in the process of interaction with friends and family. In the interaction between

empty nest youth and furniture, the functionality of furniture is the main reason for using

furniture. Therefore, furniture needs to have practical functions to generate high-

frequency interaction with users, so as to make furniture convenient. In the analysis of

IKEA furniture, it is found that users can assemble furniture according to their own needs,

so as to enhance their feelings with furniture and enable users to obtain a sense of

achievement. Secondly, when empty nest youth use furniture with friends and family, the

accommodation of furniture plays an important role, which can meet the needs of many

people to use furniture at the same time for communication and interaction and enhance

emotion. Among them, the properties of materials will affect the functionality and

accommodation of furniture. Therefore, according to the functional needs of furniture,

select appropriate materials for design, in order to give full play to the maximum use

value of furniture.

4.1.3. Design method of cultural needs

Empty nest youth are mostly young people who have received higher education. They

pay more attention to self-learning and improvement in self-development, which reflects

the cultural needs of empty nest youth. Single apartment furniture not only has exquisite

appearance and practical functionality, but also has changeable styles to meet the

spiritual and cultural needs of empty nest youth. Behind the different styles, there are

also thousands of different cultures. For example, IKEA is mainly in the Nordic style,

and its furniture products all show the characteristics of simplicity, nature, green,

environmental protection and excellent design, quietly showing the characteristics of

Nordic culture. For empty nesters who yearn for a comfortable rural life in northern

Europe, this is undoubtedly the best choice of furniture style, highlighting their

W. Xu et al. / CMF Design Method for Bachelor Apartment Furniture34

interpretation of northern European culture. Therefore, integrating unique cultural

conformity, color, decoration, etc. into the furniture design of single apartment is like

injecting soul into furniture and meeting the cultural pursuit of empty nest youth.

4.2. Single apartment furniture CMF design

4.2.1. Color perception

Usually, furniture colors give people the most intuitive impression in the senses, and

create the overall style atmosphere of the whole living space, so that users can focus on

the current environmental experience and immerse themselves in the feelings of pleasure

and satisfaction. Furniture color plays a leading role in the whole space style, and the

difference of color creates the difference of perception, which brings diversified

experience to users. At the same time, color also has the characteristics of different

functions. Different functions or materials will use different colors to distinguish,

enhance prompts and interactive behaviors, so as to help users quickly grasp the function

and use mode of furniture, and experience the sensory enjoyment brought by furniture

without interference.

In the "zero" series of tables and chairs, the shape adopts the Arabic numeral "0". The

rounded chamfer has more temperature and affinity, giving people a sense of safety and

comfort, and the most attractive thing about the whole family is its color matching. It

mainly adopts log color and mung bean grey. Green represents health and life and gives

people an infinite sense of security; The color of the log is beige, which makes people

feel warm and quiet, and it is also full of natural gifts like green. The combination of the

two sets off the color to the extreme, leaving users in a vibrant environment. In addition,

the components at the connection of furniture structure are highlighted in black to prompt

the users interactive behavior of assembly and splicing, as shown i n Figure 4.

The special space conditions of single apartment not only improve the requirements for

furniture, but also enhance the role of furniture color. In the demand analysis, empty nest

youth pay attention to experience, quality and yearning for a better life, which indicates

that the furniture color of single apartment should adopt simple, elegant, mild and other

colors to make up for the space defects of single apartment and create a unique living

environment for empty nest youth. Different colors are used to distinguish the structure

and function of furniture, so as to reduce the interaction between empty nest youth and

furniture.

Figure 4. Zero series tables and chairs

4.2.2. Material perception

In the same way with color, the difference of materials will also lead to sensory

differences, such as the gentle and soft wood, the hard and cold metal, etc. because of

this, a variety of furniture styles have emerged, and the empty nest youth also have more

W. Xu et al. / CMF Design Method for Bachelor Apartment Furniture 35

choices. The performance of materials determines the shape and function of furniture.

Among them, wood has better assembly and disassembly functions. Therefore, in the

interactive needs of empty nest youth, wood can meet the fun of self-assembling, and

can also be expanded or reduced according to the number of users, as well as convenient

storage. Different materials will also affect the apparent chromaticity and gloss of the

color, and then affect the final appearance and texture. For example, soft wood colors are

mostly diffuse, without high gloss. Metal materials have high gloss, bright and rich colors,

and the shape is more changeable than wood, which can meet the personalized furniture

needs of empty nest youth. The single material is a little dull, while the combination of

multiple materials adopts the long to make up for the short, so as to give full play to the

maximum performance of the material.

REVERSE is a coffee table and a side table. Through different assembly methods, users

can use it as a coffee table or side table. At the same time, it can also be easily

disassembled to facilitate transportation. Its materials are mainly metal support and wood

desktop. The metal has a good supporting force, which can stably hold the desktop above.

The wood desktop shows nature and softness, alleviates the hardness and coldness of

metal, and satisfies the users vision and touch. However, different assembly methods

make it show different functionality, and also produce different interaction behaviors

with users, reflecting the characteristics of materials, as shown in Figure 5.

Figure 5ˊ

REVERSE table

Materials are the form carrier of furniture. The correct and efficient use of materials can

give full play to their maximum functionality and make the color have a better color

rendering effect, and also enable empty nest youth to perceive the temperature and

comfort of the furniture surface through materials. In the healthy life pursued by empty

nest youth, the environmental protection of furniture materials is also indispensable.

Biodegradable recycled materials should be used as much as possible to achieve zero

waste of materials, reduce environmental pollution, and provide a healthy quality of life

for empty nest youth. In addition, different materials have different surface treatment

processes. Reasonable use of appropriate treatment processes can increase the service

life and aesthetics of materials.

4.2.3. Surface process perception

As the last process of CMF, the surface treatment process can not only improve the shape

and texture of furniture, but also increase its decorative performance and enhance the use

experience of products. For biomass furniture made of wood, bamboo, rattan, etc., the

surface finishing process is often used to make up for product defects and beautify the

surface texture. At the same time, this surface treatment process can also prevent its wear,

moisture, corrosion and other effects, so that the service life of the product can be

extended and the sensory enjoyment of users can be improved. For non biomass furniture

made of steel, glass and stone, in order to realize the diversified texture performance of

materials, common surface treatment methods include plating, electroplating, chemical

W. Xu et al. / CMF Design Method for Bachelor Apartment Furniture36

oxidation and other methods. Cultural and creative processing technology in furniture

design can improve the texture of furniture, create furniture characteristics, realize

furniture differentiation competition, and meet the empty nest youths pursuit and

understanding of culture.

Patnon bedside table is a new type of bedside table with a partial classical feeling. It

extracts the characteristics of the typical (Doric) column architecture of Parthenon,

pursues the beautiful proportion and classic shape like Parthenon, simplifies the shape of

columns as much as possible in the design, and has a certain echo with the cabinet. In

order to make the bedside table more architectural, the drawer panel is designed with

four arches, and the bottom sealing plate is also carved with continuous wave decoration

like steps. The elegant line decoration and retro modeling features show the elegance and

elegance of Parthenon temple architectural culture, making its furniture contain rich

temple culture. The transparent coating smoothes the roughness of the wood, improves

the touch of the material, and completely shows the elegance and affinity of the wood

material, as shown in Figure 6.

Figure 6ˊ

Patnon bedside table

Single apartment furniture usually only has the most basic surface treatment process,

which can only change the color and protect the furniture. Therefore, the innovative

design of single apartment furniture dominated by surface treatment in the future can be

considered from the perspective of cultural creativity. Change the stereotyped furniture

replication, enhance the cultural connotation of furniture, and further enhance the

emotional experience of empty nest youth. It can be said that "F", as the last and most

important step, is to accurately control the details of furniture shape, texture and emotion

on the basis of materials, so as to convey the comprehensive sensory aesthetics and

material aesthetics, so as to realize the differences of furniture culture.

5. Conclusion

As a specific social phenomenon and a unique social group, empty nest youth also show

different personality characteristics in living conditions, social and personal

development. The emergence of single apartment furniture is also due to the emergence

of such groups. Starting from the lifestyle of empty nest youth, this paper summarizes

the needs of empty nest youth, analyzes the current situation of furniture CMF design

with IKEA furniture as an example, puts forward sensory, interactive, cultural and

demand design methods, completes the interpretation and exploration of the popular

trend of single apartment furniture, interprets and controls the material aesthetics and

sensory aesthetics, and finally carries out refined management of quality and emotion,

so as to create a natural, healthy Pleasant living environment. Pursuing the material of

furniture, controlling the details of furniture and harmonizing the color of furniture are

the special needs to meet the higher quality of living alone of empty nest youth, and can

fill the vacancy in the design method of single apartment furniture at present.

W. Xu et al. / CMF Design Method for Bachelor Apartment Furniture 37

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